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【目的】探索‘红地球’葡萄果实性状的遗传规律。【方法】以‘红地球’为母本的8个杂交组合的384个F_1植株为试材,测定其果皮颜色、果肉香味、质地、果粒质量及种子发育状况等,并进行遗传倾向分析。【结果】红地球与白色和红色品种的杂交组合均出现了白色单株,白色∶红色比为51∶141(白色包括绿色、黄绿色、绿黄色、黄色;红色包括:微红、粉红、红、暗红、紫红、红紫);与香味品种(系)杂交的组合中出现了少量香味单株;与脆肉型或软肉型杂交,组合表现连续分布,软肉型:中等型:脆肉型比约为5.3∶6.0∶1.0;各组合F_1代的平均粒质量大多低于或接近亲中值;与有核品种(系)杂交的组合中出现了无核后代,而在有些与无核品种杂交的组合中却未出现无核后代。【结论】‘红地球’可能携带有微效或隐性香味基因,与香味品种(系)杂交时,表现少量表达;红色性状在F_1表现分离;脆肉和果粒质量性状呈减弱趋势,但也有获得大果粒的可能;无核性状在后代中的遗传比较复杂。
【Objective】 To explore the genetic law of ’Red Globe’ grape fruit traits. 【Method】 384 F1 plants with 8 hybrid combinations of ’Red Globe’ were used as materials to determine the color, pulp flavor, texture, fruit quality and seed development of the pericarp. The genetic predisposition was analyzed. 【Result】 White plants were observed in the hybrid combinations of red earth and white and red varieties. The ratio of white to red was 51:141 (white including green, yellow-green, green-yellow and yellow, red including reddish, pink, red , Dark red, purplish red and purple red); a small amount of fragrant single plants appeared in the hybrids with the fragrant varieties (lines); with the crisp meat or soft meat hybrids, the combinations showed continuous distribution, soft meat type: medium: crisp The ratio of meat type was about 5.3: 6.0: 1.0. The average grain weight of F_1 generation in each combination was mostly below or close to the intermediate value. In the combinations with crossed varieties, there were nuclear-free offspring, but in some and none Nuclear hybrids do not appear in the combination of nuclear-free offspring. 【Conclusion】 ’Red Globe’ may carry minor or recessive scent genes, which express minor expression when hybridized with scent varieties (lines); the red characters are separated at F_1; the quality traits of crisp and fruit are weakened; however, There is also the possibility of obtaining large fruit grains; the inheritance of seedless characters in offspring is more complicated.