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1960年6月12日下午5时,青岛市某工厂突然发生了急性胃肠炎。当日下午8时以后,工人中急性胃肠炎患者大批出现。13日作者等至该厂进行了流行病学调查。当日取得12日午餐的墨鱼作了细菌学检验;其余的菜已无剩余,故未能采样检验。对174例患者的12日就餐情况、发病时间及症状以讯问的方式进行了调查;并采取24名患者的粪便、1份呕吐物及5例患者的血液作了细菌培养。于发病的第一天及第十二天采取了11例患者的血液作了凝集试验。兹将调查结果报导如下。调查结果1.发病的经过:自12日下午5时急性胃肠炎发生后,疫情迅速发展,下午10时至翌日晨6时以前,发病人数达到最高峰;在这8个小时内发病者98人,占被统计发病时间的127例患者的77.1%。13日下午6时发病终息。2.临床分析:(1)年龄与性别:174例患者中,男性149例,女性25例。年龄最小者为17岁,最高者为55岁;20—40岁患者占71.7%(表1)。
At 6 o’clock on June 12, 1960, a sudden gastroenteritis occurred in a factory in Qingdao. After 8 pm on the same day, workers in a large number of patients with acute gastroenteritis. The author of the 13th until the plant conducted an epidemiological survey. The squid made the luncheon on the 12th made a bacteriological examination on the same day. The rest of the dishes had no residue and therefore failed to sample the samples. A total of 174 patients were surveyed on the 12th day, their onset time and symptoms by interrogation. Bacterial cultures were obtained from 24 patients with stool, 1 vomit and 5 patients. On the first day and the twelfth day of onset, blood samples from 11 patients were tested for agglutination. The survey results are reported below. Findings 1. After the onset: Since the onset of acute gastroenteritis at 5:00 on the on the 12th, the epidemic developed rapidly, from 10 pm to 6:00 the next morning, the peak number of patients; in these 8 hours 98 People, accounting for 77.1% of the 127 patients who were statistically morbid. At 6 pm on the 13th the onset of the disease. 2. Clinical analysis: (1) Age and gender: Among 174 patients, there were 149 males and 25 females. The youngest was 17 years old, the highest was 55 years old; the age group of 20-40 yielded 71.7% (Table 1).