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离子交换现象很早就发現和应用了,远在亚里斯多德(Aristotles)时代,人們就知道利用固体吸附剂,如用砂来淨化钦水。到十九世紀,渐渐有人研究土壤的吸附作用,发现土壤能吸附有色物質和氨。更有人发表論文说:石灰能从土壤中释出鉀和鈉来。十九世紀中叶,就有人提出离子交換現象的假定。这时又有人发现用碳酸铵或硫酸铵处理土壤,能释出钙离子来。随着这类现象的日益发現和积累,1850—1854年韦(Way)较系统地研究了土壤中的离子交換现象,并得到了很多至今仍然是正确的結論。自此以后,离子交換现象的研究和应用就愈来愈多。当时使用的离子交換剂大多是天然物质,其中有佷多是天然无机物,如粘土、泡沸石和其他硅酸盐物质等,接着就有了合成的硅
Ion exchange phenomena were discovered and applied long ago, and it was known in Aristotles times that solid adsorbents such as sand were used to purify water. By the nineteenth century, some people gradually studied the adsorption of soil and found that the soil can adsorb colored matter and ammonia. Someone even published a paper saying: Lime can release potassium and sodium from the soil. The mid-nineteenth century, some people put forward the assumption of ion exchange phenomenon. At this time it was also found that treatment with ammonium carbonate or ammonium sulfate soil, calcium ions can be released. With the increasing discovery and accumulation of these phenomena, Wei studied systematically the phenomenon of ion exchange in soils from 1850 to 1854 and obtained many conclusions that are still correct. Since then, more and more research and application of ion exchange phenomenon. Ion exchangers used at that time were mostly natural materials, of which many were inorganic minerals such as clays, zeolites and other silicates, followed by synthetic silicon