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目的探讨视反馈平衡功能训练对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿认知功能的影响。方法北京大学精神卫生研究所于2001年9月至2004年9月,采用Neurocom公司出产的Balance Master机型对36例符合《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准,年龄10~16岁的ADHD患儿进行每周2~6次共20次治疗,治疗前后评价韦氏记忆、韦氏智力、斯特鲁普(STROOP)等几项测试。并与36名正常对照进行比较。结果ADHD患儿长时记忆、记忆商和C因子分明显低于正常对照(P<0·01)。STROOP测试中,患儿各部分完成时间、颜色干扰时和字义干扰时较正常对照明显长,C、D部分的错误数明显多(P<0·05)。治疗后患儿韦氏记忆量表的长时记忆、短时记忆和记忆商分值均有明显提高,差异具有显著性(P<0·05);韦氏智力中C因子分明显改善(P<0·001);D部分完成时间有下降趋势(P=0·074)。结论视反馈平衡功能训练对改善儿童认知功能有一定疗效,特别是在提高注意力、记忆力及反应抑制等方面的疗效较好。
Objective To investigate the effect of visual feedback balance training on cognitive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, from September 2001 to September 2004, used 36 patients who met the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of the American Handbook of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) , ADHD children aged 10 to 16 years of age 2 to 6 times a total of 20 treatments before and after treatment Wechsler memory, Webster’s intelligence, STROOP (STROOP) and several other tests. And compared with 36 normal controls. Results Long-term memory, memory and C factor scores of children with ADHD were significantly lower than those of the normal control (P <0.01). In the STROOP test, the completion time of each part of children, color interference and sense of meaning when compared with the normal control were significantly longer, and the number of errors in part C and D was significantly higher (P <0.05). The scores of long-term memory, short-term memory and memory quotient of Wechsler Memory Scale in children after treatment were significantly improved (P <0.05), and the scores of C factor in Wechsler Intelligence were significantly improved <0.001). The completion time of Part D has a decreasing trend (P = 0 · 074). Conclusion Depending on the feedback balance function training to improve children’s cognitive function has a certain effect, especially in improving attention, memory and response inhibition is better.