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英语心理形容词的构词主要有三种途径:零形态的自主词汇、派生词汇和曲折变化词汇。它们反映了形态能产力的梯级性。鉴于形态对词汇习得的可能影响,本文选择具有相同频率的英语心理形容词作为测试对象,设计词汇产出测试和词汇接受能力测试,以考察形态对词汇习得的影响。调查发现,曲折变化词汇的产出能力与零形态词汇和派生词汇的产出能力有显著差异,但在词汇接受能力测试上三组词汇无显著差异。自主词汇、派生词汇和曲折变化词汇的产出和接受能力之间的t检验发现,只有曲折变化词汇的产出和接受能力之间存在显著差异。测试结果表明,相比较自主词汇和派生词汇,曲折变化词汇更难习得。由于目标词汇来源同一频率且具有同等的语义特点,可以推断,曲折变化词汇的习得困难来源于形态特征,它们没有因频率等因素获得联想记忆的优先控制,而规则记忆对它们的处理还未达到自动化程度。
The formation of English psychological adjectives mainly in three ways: the zero form of autonomous vocabulary, derived vocabulary and twists and turns in the vocabulary. They reflect the cascade of morphological productivity. In view of the possible influence of morphology on vocabulary acquisition, this paper selects English psychological adjectives with the same frequency as the test object, designs the vocabulary output test and the vocabulary receptivity test to examine the impact of morphology on vocabulary acquisition. The survey found that the twists and turns of the vocabulary output ability and zero-shaped vocabulary and derivative vocabulary output capacity were significantly different, but in the vocabulary acceptance test three groups of words no significant difference. The t-test between the output and acceptability of Vocabulary, Derivative Vocabulary, and Tortuous Vocabulary showed that there was a significant difference only in the output and receptivity of Variations. The test results show that twists and turns are more difficult to learn than their own and derived words. Due to the same frequency and the same semantic characteristics of the target words, it can be concluded that the difficulty of obtaining the twists and turns of variations comes from the morphological characteristics. They do not obtain the prior control of associative memory due to frequency and other factors, and the rules of memory have not dealt with them yet Achieve automation.