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目的研究缝隙连接蛋白43(Cx43)在羊水过少产妇胎盘和胎膜组织中的表达及分布情况,分析Cx43蛋白在羊水量过少时的调节机制和作用。方法选取2014年4月-2015年12月在该院分娩的足月产妇57例为研究对象,其中羊水过少产妇27例为羊水过少组、羊水正常产妇30例为对照组。采用SABC免疫组化方法和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测Cx43蛋白与mRNA在两组产妇胎盘及胎膜中的表达和定位。结果 Cx43蛋白在两组产妇胎盘、胎膜中均有表达,胎膜部位和胎盘部位的Cx43均与妊娠晚期的羊水量呈负相关(P<0.05)。羊水过少组Cx43mRNA在胎膜中的表达为对照组的0.51倍,在胎盘中的表达为对照组的0.54倍,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Cx43蛋白在羊水过少产妇胎膜和和胎盘上的表达显著减少,提示Cx43在产妇羊水膜内吸收途径和母胎液体交换中发挥重要作用。
Objective To study the expression and distribution of connexin 43 (Cx43) in placenta and fetal membranes of oligohydramnios and to investigate the regulatory mechanism and role of Cx43 protein in oligohydramnios. Methods A total of 57 full-term pregnant women delivered in this hospital from April 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the research object. Among them, 27 cases of oligohydramnios were oligohydramnios and 30 cases of normal amniotic fluid were control group. The expression and localization of Cx43 protein and mRNA in the placenta and fetal membranes of both groups were detected by SABC immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Cx43 protein was expressed in placenta and fetal membranes of both groups. Cx43 in fetal membranes and placenta was negatively correlated with amniotic fluid volume in late pregnancy (P <0.05). The expression of Cx43 mRNA in fetal oligodendrocytes was 0.51 times of the control group and 0.54 times of that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions The expression of Cx43 protein in fetal membranes and placentas with oligohydramnios is significantly decreased, suggesting that Cx43 plays an important role in the amniotic membrane absorption and maternal fluid exchange.