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肾癌(RCC)是一种高度恶性的肿瘤,有多耐药性,对传统的化疗、放疗不敏感。但又是一种免疫原性的肿瘤,对以IL-2或/和干扰素(IFN)为基础的细胞因子治疗有一定的反应,但治疗的反应率仅为15％～20％,过继免疫治疗也并未显示出更好的疗效。肿瘤能够通过多种机制逃避机体的免疫监视是目前免疫治疗效果不理想的主要原因。细胞免疫,特别是抗肿瘤特异性的细胞毒T细胞(CTL)是机体主要的抗肿瘤免疫,RCC可以通过免疫原性的改变、抑制CTL的活化与增殖、拮抗CTL的杀伤效应和诱导其凋亡等途径实现免疫逃逸。进一步阐明发生逃逸的机制有助于提高免疫治疗的疗效。
Renal cancer (RCC) is a highly malignant tumor that is multi-drug resistant and insensitive to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. But an immunogenic tumor that responds to treatment with cytokines based on IL-2 or / and interferon (IFN), the response rate to treatment is only 15% to 20%. Adoptive immunization Treatment also did not show a better effect. Tumor can evade the body’s immune surveillance through a variety of mechanisms is the main reason for the current immunotherapy is not satisfactory. Cellular immunity, especially anti-tumor specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL), is the main anti-tumor immunity of the body. RCC can inhibit the activation and proliferation of CTL by antagonizing the changes of immunogenicity, antagonize the killing effect of CTL and induce its apoptosis Death and other ways to achieve immune escape. Further elucidation of escape mechanism can help to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.