论文部分内容阅读
“我们需要西方国家的信贷、粮食和技术,但我们仍将继续发展大规模军事计划。到20世纪80年代中期,我们将实施更为大胆的对外政策,并最终取得对西方的优势。” ——勃列日涅夫(1971年在中央政治局的讲话) 尼克松的算盘 1969年1月,尼克松终于如愿以偿地入主白宫。当时的美国正深陷越战泥潭,而苏联人的战略攻势却咄咄逼人。尼克松和他的外交谋士基辛格认为,要想挽回颓势,美国必须首先求得两个超级大国之间的缓和。军备谈判、贸易和投资将是这种“缓和战略”的主要武器。 苏联人对“缓和战略”欣然同意。因为这种“和平共处”可以帮助莫斯科获取急需的粮食、国外资金和西方先进技术,从而有利于改善已呈现困顿之势的苏联国民经济发展。苏共中央非常清楚,虽然在某些科技领域,苏联取得了令人印象深刻的成就,但在生产技术、劳动效率以及新兴的微电子等领域,它仍然远远落后于西方发达国
“We need credit, food and technology in Western countries, but we will continue to develop large-scale military programs and by the mid-1980s we will implement more ambitious foreign policies and eventually gain the advantage of the West.” - - Brezhnev (1971 address in the Politburo) Nixon's abacus January 1969, Nixon finally got his wish to enter the White House. At that time, the United States was in deep mire in the Vietnam War, while the Soviet strategic offensive was overbearing. Kissinger, his foreign adviser, believes that in order to salvage the downturn, the United States must first seek the easing of the two superpowers. Arms negotiations, trade and investment will be the main arms of this “easing strategy.” The Soviets readily agree to the “easing strategy.” Because this kind of “peaceful coexistence” can help Moscow obtain the much needed food, foreign capital and advanced western technologies, and thus help to improve the Soviet national economy that has emerged as a dilemma. The CPSU Central Committee is very clear that although the Soviet Union has made impressive achievements in certain fields of science and technology, it lags far behind the developed countries in the areas of production technology, labor efficiency, and emerging microelectronics