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【目的】探讨北京市东城区2007-2011年间0～6岁散居儿童营养状况的变化趋势,发现儿童健康管理中存在的问题,以采取相应的措施改善儿童的营养状况。【方法】对东城区2007-2011年5年散居儿童健康状况进行分析,采用SPSS趋势χ2检验儿童营养状况指标随时间的变化趋势。【结果】全区0～6岁散居儿童营养不良(低体重、发育迟缓、消瘦)的患病率由2007年的1.159%下降为2010年的0.479%,2011年略有回升;3～6岁儿童的患病率高于0～2岁儿童;呈现逐年下降的趋势(P<0.05)。儿童贫血患病情况以轻度贫血为主,发病率介于3.08%到6.09%之间;中度贫血患病率介于0.23%到0.53%之间。肥胖患病率为介于3.08%和3.89%之间;0～2岁儿童贫血、肥胖的患病率高于3～6岁儿童。儿童贫血、肥胖患病率未表现出逐年下降的趋势(P>0.05)。【结论】1)全区儿童营养状况良好,儿童营养不良患病率呈下降趋势;2)应重点对0～2岁儿童进行肥胖和营养性贫血的干预,进行综合防治。
【Objective】 To explore the changing trend of nutrition status of scattered children aged 0 ~ 6 years in Dongcheng District of Beijing from 2007 to 2011 and to find the problems in the management of children’s health so as to take corresponding measures to improve the nutritional status of children. 【Method】 The health status of scattered children in Dongcheng District in five years from 2007 to 2011 was analyzed. SPSS trend χ2 was used to test the trend of children’s nutritional status with time. 【Results】 The prevalence of malnutrition (low birth weight, stunting and weight loss) in scattered children aged 0 ~ 6 years decreased from 1.159% in 2007 to 0.479% in 2010, and slightly increased in 2011; The prevalence of children was higher than that of children aged 0-2 years, showing a declining trend year by year (P <0.05). The prevalence of anemia in children with mild anemia, the incidence was between 3.08% to 6.09%; the prevalence of moderate anemia ranged from 0.23% to 0.53%. The prevalence of obesity was between 3.08% and 3.89%. The prevalence of anemia and obesity among 0-2 years old children was higher than that of 3-6 years old children. Children anemia, obesity prevalence did not show a declining trend (P> 0.05). 【Conclusion】 1) The nutrition status of children in the whole region is good and the prevalence of malnutrition in children is on the decline; 2) The prevention and control of obesity and nutritional anemia should be focused on children aged 0 ~ 2 years.