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目的了解西宁、西安两地回族婴儿母乳喂养状况,为制定针对性的改善措施提供依据。方法随机整群抽取西宁回族168例、汉族119例及西安回族114例、汉族101例6~24月健康婴幼儿及其主要喂养人作为研究对象,调查其母乳喂养状况。结果 1)西宁4月内纯母乳喂养率(58.54%)高于西安(43.72%)(P<0.05),而6月内纯母乳喂养率(19.51%)低于西安(32.09%)(P<0.05);2)西宁回族4月内纯母乳喂养率(58.33%)高于西安回族(39.47%)(P<0.05);3)不能进行母乳喂养的主要原因为母亲自认母乳量分泌不足(76.25%);4)西宁辅食添加时间(4.48±1.60)月早于西安地区(5.67±1.59)月(P<0.05);5)母乳喂养率与主要喂养人的文化程度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论加强对喂养人科学喂养知识的宣传是提高西部地区婴儿母乳喂养率的关键。
Objective To understand the status of breast-feeding of Hui infants in Xining and Xi’an so as to provide basis for making targeted improvement measures. Methods A total of 168 cases of Xining Hui, 119 cases of Han and 114 cases of Hui in Xi’an and 101 cases of healthy infants from June to April in Han nationality and their main feeding population were collected from a randomized cluster study to investigate their breastfeeding status. Results 1) The exclusive breastfeeding rate in Xining (58.54%) was higher than that in Xi’an (43.72%) in April, while the rate of exclusively breastfeeding in June was lower (19.51%) than that in Xi’an (32.09%) (P < 0.05); 2) The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Hui people in Xining in April was 58.33% higher than that of the Hui people in Xi’an (39.47%) (P <0.05); 3) The main reasons for not breastfeeding were the lack of breast milk secretion 76.25%); 4) The feeding time of supplementary food in Xining was earlier than that in Xi’an (5.67 ± 1.59 months) (4.48 ± 1.60) months; (5) The rate of breastfeeding was positively correlated with the education level ). Conclusion The promotion of scientific feeding knowledge for feeding people is the key to raising the rate of infant breastfeeding in western areas.