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本研究旨在探索不同文化背景下影响 4～ 6岁儿童人物画结构比例的因素及认知发展的规律。研究分为自由画人与按照规定要求画人两部分。发现多因素导致儿童自由画人结构失调 ,如绘画顺序、空间统筹安排能力、头躯包含的器官以及对其重要性的认识等均会影响儿童自由人物画的头躯比值。儿童能按要求事先安排规定人物画的结构比例 ,根据细节多寡相应加大或缩小人体有关部分 ,如增大躯干部分以容纳夹克衫的纽扣、口袋等细节 ,或相应缩小头的轮廓以示背影等。此外 ,注意与重要性等因素也会对规定人物画结构产生影响。
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that affect the proportion of figure structures of children aged 4 to 6 years and the rules of their cognitive development in different cultural backgrounds. The research divides into two parts: free drawing people and drawing people according to the regulations. It is found that the structural imbalance of children’s free-drawing artists such as painting order, spatial coordination capacity, organs contained in the head and body, and their recognition of their importance, all affect the head-and-body ratio of children’s free-form figures. Children can be arranged according to the requirements of the structure of the proportion of the provisions of the figure painting, depending on the details of the corresponding increase or decrease body parts, such as increasing the body part to accommodate jackets buttons, pockets and other details, or reduce the head profile to show back Wait. In addition, factors such as attention and importance may also affect the structure of the painting figure.