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著作邻接权,是指表演者、唱片制作者及广播电视组织因传播作品而在一定期限内享有的类似著作权的权利.它是一种不同于著作权但仍属于知识产权范畴的权利.随着唱片制作业的国际化、唱片发行的跨越国界以及新传播媒介的发明、应用,一种全新的技术和社会环境使得著作邻接权(以下简称邻接权)的保护问题不能只停留在国内立法水平上,而要求赋予全球性的保护.目前,保护邻接权的国际公约有《罗马公约》、《唱片公约》以及《卫星公约》等.各公约规定的条款虽不多,但涉及范围甚广.限于篇幅,本文主要剖析《罗马公约》,顺便谈及各国就实施《罗马公约》而制订的有关法律.一、《罗马公约》的产生、性质与结构(一)《罗马公约》的产生在1908年修订《伯尔尼公约》的“伯林会议”上,英国政府代表第一次提出了唱片制作者的国际性保护问题.但是,该建议并没有引起会议的重视,认为“该主体是处于工业产权与著作权之间的分界线上,列入后一种是最恰当的”.在1928年修订《伯尔尼公约》的罗马会议上,又有人提出了这一问题.如意大利政府代表就曾建议:保护表演艺术家以防止广播他们的表演和防止使用机械工具复制音乐作品的“改编物”,并且建议向表演者支付“合理的报酬”.由于该建议实属新奇而未能嵌入《伯尔尼公约》,会议只是建
The right of authorship refers to the right of copyright similar to the rights of performers, record makers and radio and television organizations for a certain period of time due to the dissemination of works, which is a right which is different from the copyright but still belongs to the category of intellectual property. The internationalization of manufacturing, the cross-border issue of record distribution and the invention and application of new media, a brand-new technology and social environment make the protection of the right of authorship (hereinafter referred to as the right of adjacency) not only remain at the level of domestic legislation, The international conventions on the protection of neighboring rights include the Rome Convention, the Records of Pop Convention and the Satellite Convention, etc. Although the articles stipulated by the conventions are small in number, they cover a wide range of issues. , This article mainly analyzes the “Rome Convention”, by the way, discusses the relevant laws formulated by various countries on the implementation of the “Rome Convention.” I. The birth, nature and structure of the Rome Convention (I) The birth of the Rome Convention was revised in 1908 For the first time at the Berlin Convention of the Berne Convention, the British government representatives raised the issue of the international protection of record producers. However, Did not attract the attention of the conference and held that “the subject is on the demarcation line between industrial property and copyright and it is most appropriate to include the latter.” At the Roman Conference for the Revision of the Berne Convention in 1928, another The issue was raised as representatives of the Italian government had proposed: to protect performance artists from broadcasting their performances and to prevent the use of mechanical tools to reproduce the “adaptations” of musical compositions, and to recommend that performers be paid “reasonable remuneration.” The proposal is new and could not be embedded in the Berne Convention. The conference is just a building