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伊壁鸠鲁是古希腊哲学中比较有争议的一位哲学家,他认为首要的善是消除痛苦和增加快乐。伊壁鸠鲁追求以感觉为标准的快乐,他建议他的追随者过一种平淡和沉思的生活。有人批评他是一位纵欲主义者,也有人说他是一位追求幸福的菜园哲人,众说纷纭。他关于快乐的学说和对于欲望的分析深刻的影响了当时的希腊人,同时在后世也赢得了众多的追随者。本文简要谈了伊壁鸠鲁的快乐主义被称为纵欲主义的深层次原因,并批判了这种看法。
Epicurus is a more controversial philosopher in ancient Greek philosophy, and he believes the first good is to eliminate suffering and increase happiness. Epicurean pursues sensation as a standard of pleasure, advising his followers to live a life of modestness and contemplation. Some people criticize him as a philosopher and others say he is a vegetable garden philosopher who pursues happiness. There are many different opinions. His analysis of the theory of happiness and his desire profoundly influenced the Greeks at the time, and at the same time won numerous followers. This article briefly discusses the deep-seated reasons why Epicurus’s hedonism has been called the “sensualism” and has criticized this view.