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目的对感染性肠炎患儿的临床特点和预防进行分析。方法对江门市新会区妇幼保健院接受治疗的96例感染性肠炎患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,了解其临床特点和预防措施。结果小儿感染性肠炎在冬春季节多见,1岁婴儿的发病率较高,原发性疾病以肺炎为主,大便性状多为水样便,以轮状病毒和真菌感染为主。结论小儿感染性肠炎的主要症状为腹泻和发热,应对易发的患儿给予抗生素治疗,预防肺炎和病毒、真菌的感染,避免滥用抗生素,同时注意饮食结构的合理性,在轮状病毒感染的高发期,对于易感人群可以注射轮状病毒疫苗,从而预防感染性肠炎的发生。
Objective To analyze the clinical features and prevention of children with infectious enteritis. Methods The clinical data of 96 children with infectious enteritis treated in Xinhui District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiangmen City were analyzed retrospectively to understand its clinical features and preventive measures. Results Infectious enteritis in children is more common in winter and spring, the incidence of 1-year-old infants is higher. The main diseases are pneumonia, stool is mostly water-like, and rotavirus and fungal infections are the most common. Conclusions The main symptoms of infantile infectious enteritis are diarrhea and fever. Antibiotic treatment should be given to children with epidemics to prevent pneumonia, viral and fungal infections, to avoid abuse of antibiotics, and to pay attention to the rationality of dietary structure. High incidence of susceptible populations can be injected rotavirus vaccine, thereby preventing the occurrence of infectious enteritis.