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目的了解天津市大众人群对艾滋病防治知识知晓情况,为艾滋病防治宣传和干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,对天津市城市社区居民、农村行政村居民、青年学生以及流动人口4类人群共8 416人进行艾滋病防治知识及态度问卷调查;采用SPSS软件进行数据分析。结果天津市大众人群对艾滋病知识总知晓率为70.4%(5 875/8 416),其中,城镇居民为65.3%(1 472/2 254),农村居民为62.8%(1 080/1 721),流动人口为63.5%(895/1 410),青年学生为81.8%(2 478/3 031);其中对蚊虫叮咬是否传播艾滋病知识的知晓率仅为43.3%;仅26.10%的受访者认为应允许人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者和患者继续工作和学习,有32.7%的受访者愿意继续同感染了艾滋病的朋友或亲戚来往。结论天津市大众人群对艾滋病防治知识的知晓率普遍偏低,且对艾滋病感染者和患者的社会宽容度也不容乐观,亟需加强艾滋病防治知识的宣传与教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment among the general public in Tianjin and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HIV / AIDS and the formulation of interventions. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to survey 8 416 AIDS patients in urban communities, residents in rural administrative villages, youth students and floating population in Tianjin. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results The total awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among the general population in Tianjin was 70.4% (5 875/8 416), of which 65.3% (1 472/2 254) were urban residents and 62.8% (1080/1 721) rural residents, The number of floating population was 63.5% (895/1 410) and that of young students was 81.8% (2 478/3 031). Among them, the awareness of mosquito bites spreading of AIDS was only 43.3%; only 26.10% of respondents considered that Allowing people living with HIV and patients to continue their work and study, 32.7% of respondents are willing to continue their contacts with friends or relatives who have contracted AIDS. Conclusion The awareness rate of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment among the general population in Tianjin is generally low, and the social tolerance of AIDS-infected persons and patients is not optimistic. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the publicity and education on HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment knowledge.