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为明确桃树萌芽过程中需冷量、低温积累量与需热量的数量关系,以10个设施栽培的低需冷量桃品种为试材,对其需冷量、需热量和不同低温积累时的需热量进行了测定.结果表明:在所用品种范围内,花芽与叶芽之间,在需冷量和需热量的高低上没有明显的规律性关系,花芽需冷(热)量高的品种,其叶芽需冷(热)量不一定高;反之亦然.对单一品种,需冷量与需热量的分布呈现出规律性,对于花芽,需冷量较低的品种其需热量较高,而需冷量较高的品种其需热量相对较低;对于叶芽,需冷量较低的品种其需热量较低,需冷量较高的品种其需热量也相对较高.有效低温积累影响需热量,有效低温积累达不到需冷量时,萌芽率低,需热量趋向于无穷大;达到需冷量后需热量随着有效低温积累的增加而减少.对于叶芽,随着有效低温积累的增加,萌芽率的变化趋向于跃变式,而花芽趋则向于渐变式.实验还发现,存在最佳的有效低温积累量,使芽从休眠到萌芽所需的总时间最短,这个有效低温积累量高于相应品种的需冷量.
In order to clarify the relationship between the amount of cold required, the accumulated amount of low temperature and the amount of heat required during the sprouting process of peach trees, the low-capacity cold-cultivated peach cultivars cultivated in 10 facilities were used as test materials. When their required cooling capacity, heat requirement and different low temperature accumulation The results showed that there was no obvious regular relationship between flower buds and leaf buds, the amount of cold and heat needed, the varieties with high amount of cold and heat required for flower buds, The leaf bud need cold (heat) amount is not necessarily high; vice versa.For a single species, the demand for cold and heat distribution showed a regular pattern, for flower buds, the less cold varieties require higher calorie, and For the varieties with higher cold requirement, the calorie needs to be relatively low; for the leaf bud, the varieties with lower cold requirement have lower calorie needs and the caloric requirements for the varieties with higher cold needs are also relatively high. When the quantity of heat and effective low temperature is less than the required cooling capacity, the rate of germination is low and the quantity of heat required tends to infinity, and the quantity of heat required to reach the required cooling capacity decreases with the increase of effective low temperature accumulation.With the increase of effective low temperature accumulation , The rate of change of budding tends to change suddenly, but the flower bud tends to Variant. It was also found effective low temperature there is an optimum amount of accumulation, so that the total time required to shoots sprout from the shortest to sleep, the effective amount is higher than the required low temperature cold accumulating respective species.