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目的:分析我国浙江省养老院中老年人群痴呆和轻度认知障碍(MCI)的患病率及其相关因素。方法:采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法于2014年5—11月在浙江省12个地级市的4个社区养老院进行横断面调查，最终纳入908例老年人；采用标准人口直接法(2018年浙江省第6次人口普查)计算年龄和性别标准化的调整患病率，单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型筛选痴呆与MCI的相关因素。结果:痴呆、阿尔茨海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆(VaD)和MCI的粗患病率分别为42.4%(385/908)、22.0%(200/908)、1.9%(17/908)和21.6%(196/908)，经年龄、性别调整后，痴呆、AD、VaD和MCI患病率分别为40.6%、20.8%、1.6%和19.4%，明显高于普通社区水平。Logistic回归分析显示，高龄、较低的教育水平和家庭收入与痴呆和MCI的患病有关，其中痴呆的相关因素包括文盲、中等家庭收入；MCI包括年龄(80～84岁、85～89岁)、受教育水平。结论:养老院中老年人群痴呆和MCI患病率较高，应给予关注，同时可通过改变如生活习惯等可改变的相关危险因素对老年痴呆和MCI患者进行综合防治。“,”Objective:To analyze the prevalence and related factors of dementia and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in elderly people in nursing homes in Zhejiang Province.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 4 community nursing homes in 12 prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province from May to November 2014 through multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, with 908 elderly patients finally included.Standardized age and gender adjusted prevalence rates were calculated by using the direct method of population standardization(the 6th Population Census of Zhejiang Province, 2018). Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to screen for related factors for dementia and MCI.Results:The crude prevalence rates of dementia, Alzheimer's disease(AD), vascular dementia(VaD)and MCI were 42.4%(385/908), 22.0%(200/908), 1.9%(17/908)and 21.6%(196/908), respectively.After adjusting for age and gender, the prevalence rates of dementia, AD, VaD and MCI were 40.6%, 20.8%, 1.6% and 19.4%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the general community.Logistic regression analysis showed that old age, low educational level and family income were associated with dementia and MCI, including dementia-related factors such as illiteracy, middle level family income and history of stroke and MCI-related factors such as age(80-84, 85-89 years old), educational level.Conclusions:Elderly people in nursing homes have high rates of dementia and MCI and deserve heightened attention.Meanwhile, comprehensive prevention and treatment of dementia and MCI in elderly patients can be carried out by changing lifestyle and other related risk factors.