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[目的]利用不同剂量的60Co-γ射线辐照一陆地棉常规栽培种成熟花粉粒,为棉花花粉辐射育种研究提供参考。[方法]分别利用剂量为5、10、15、20Gy的60Co-γ射线对陆地棉成熟花粉粒进行辐照处理,了解辐射效应,筛选适宜剂量。[结果]当剂量大于10Gy时,M1大部分性状表现出明显变异,剂量为15Gy时对棉花当代的生活力、生长势、育性等抑制作用最大,基本为半致死剂量,但田间出现的变异类型也是最丰富的,有利于为实际育种选育材料。[结论]剂量为15Gy的60Co-γ射线比较适宜于陆地棉成熟花粉粒的诱变研究。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide reference for cotton pollen radiation breeding by irradiating the mature pollen grains of conventional upland cotton cultivars with different doses of 60Co-γ rays. [Method] The mature pollen grains of Gossypium hirsutum were irradiated by 60Co-γ ray with dose of 5, 10, 15 and 20Gy respectively to understand the radiation effect and select suitable dosage. [Result] When the dose was more than 10Gy, most of the traits of M1 showed obvious variation. When the dose was 15Gy, the inhibition to the viability, growth potential and fertility of cotton was the largest at the dose of 50Gy, but the mutation appeared in the field The type is also the most abundant and conducive to breeding material for practical breeding. [Conclusion] 60Co-γ ray with a dose of 15Gy was more suitable for the mutagenesis of mature pollen grains of upland cotton.