论文部分内容阅读
贵州省独特的喀斯特山地环境对地质灾害的孕育有其特有的作用机理。本文初选了10个相关因子进行GIS的方差分析及相关性分析,以筛选喀斯特山区泥石流灾害的主要影响因子及灾害易发性评价。结果表明,研究区内土壤侵蚀因子对泥石流灾害的贡献作用最为显著,断层的影响作用不明显。土壤侵蚀、坡度、坡向、岩石性质、土地利用方式、归一化植被指数(NDVI)、到沟谷的距离及>25 mm日数8个影响因子,具有良好的独立性和代表性,是研究区内泥石流易发性评价的最佳指标;泥石流主要分布在贵州西部云贵高原边境、北部大娄山、东北雾灵山及苗岭等地带,占全省面积的29.51%,贵州中部及东南部泥石流易发程度较低;极高易发区泥石流的分布密度是极低易发区的19倍,其主要的环境特征表现为坡度大、植被覆盖率较低,旱地与工矿用地分布多,土壤侵蚀严重;加强旱地、工矿用地及低植被覆盖区的合理利用及管理,是减少泥石流灾害发生的有效途径。
The unique karst mountain environment in Guizhou has its unique mechanism of action for geohazards. This article first selected 10 relevant factors to carry on the analysis of variance of GIS and correlation analysis to screen the main influencing factors of debris flow disaster in Karst mountain and the evaluation of disaster susceptibility. The results show that the contribution of soil erosion factors to debris flow hazards is the most significant, and the effect of faults is not obvious. Soil erosion, slope, aspect, rock properties, land use patterns, normalized NDVI, distance to the valleys, and> 25 mm days and 8 impact factors were well independent and representative of the study area Debris flow is mainly distributed in the border of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west of Guizhou Province, Dalou Mountain in the north, Wuling Mountain and Miaoling in northeastern China, accounting for 29.51% of the province’s area. Debris flow in the central and southeastern Guizhou The distribution of debris flow in the extremely high prone areas is 19 times that of the extremely low susceptibility areas. The main environmental characteristics are the large slope, low vegetation coverage, more dryland, industrial and mining sites and serious soil erosion. The rational utilization and management of dry land, industrial and mining land and low vegetation cover area are effective ways to reduce the occurrence of debris flow disaster.