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本文对遗传标记技术的发展历程作了简要回顾，对现在常用的几种分子标记技术的基本原理及特点进行了评述，并从三个方面重点介绍了ＲＦＬＰ技术在小麦遗传育种中的应用和研究进展：（１）分子遗传图谱的构建；（２）比较基因组的研究；（３）农艺性状的分子标记与辅助育种技术。
This article briefly reviews the development of genetic marker technology and reviews the basic principles and characteristics of several commonly used molecular marker technologies. The application and research of RFLP technology in wheat genetic breeding are mainly introduced from three aspects Progress: (1) construction of molecular genetic map; (2) comparative genomics research; (3) agronomic traits of molecular markers and assisted breeding techniques.