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目的探讨食管鳞状上皮低级别上皮内瘤变的病理表现及食管癌形成作用分析。方法选择我院2007年5月~2011年5月胃镜检查确诊的41例食管鳞状上皮低级别上皮内瘤变患者进行随访，分析其病变转归和病理表现。将随访终止时患者依然是食管鳞状上皮低级别上皮内瘤变或者低级别上皮内瘤变消失的患者归类于病变稳定组，将随访终止时病变转化为高级别上皮内瘤变或者食管癌的患者归类于病变进展组。随访时间均超过3年。结果随访结束时共有10例患者发展为高级别上皮内瘤变或食管癌，有31例患者仍然为低级别上皮内瘤变或者瘤变消失。病变进展组患者的糜烂型和浅溃疡型的比例显著的高于病变稳定组(<0.05)，病变稳定组患者表现为红斑型和隆起型的比例显著的高于病变进展组(<0.05)；病变进展组在病变范围≥2.0cm和1.0~2.0cm范围内的比例显著的高于病变稳定组(<0.05)，病变稳定组在病变范围≤1.0cm范围内的比例显著的高于病变进展组(<0.05)。结论食管鳞状上皮低级别上皮内瘤变与食管癌的发生密切相关，且与食管内镜病变分型和病变范围有关。“,”Objective To explore the pathological esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia of low-level and ef ect analysis of the formation of esophageal cancer. Methods Chose from May 2007 to May 2010, 41 cases of gastroscopy diagnosis of patients with esophageal squamous epithelium low level intraepithelial neoplasia. To fol ow-up of its research object, analyzes its neoplasia outcome and pathological manifestations. The fol ow-up of patients was stil at the termination of the esophageal squamous epithelium low level intraepithelial neoplasia or disappearance of low-level epithelial neoplasia in patients classified as stable lesion group, the patients at the end of fol ow-up for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or esophageal cancer patients classified as lesions progress group. Results Sharing at the end of the 10 patients were fol ow-up for high level intraepithelial neoplasia or esophageal cancer, 31 patients were stil low level intraepithelial neoplasia or neoplasia . Group of patients with lesions progress erosion and shal ow ulcer significantly higher proportions of stable lesion group ( < 0.05), pathological changes and stable group of patients is significantly higher proportions of erythema and uplift melee lesion group ( < 0.05). Lesions progress group in the scope of lesions acuity 2.0 cm and 2.0 ~ 2.0 cm range significantly higher proportions of stable lesion group ( <0.05), and a stable lesion group within the scope of lesions in the range 1.0 cm or less progress significantly higher proportions of lesion group ( <0.05).Conclusion Esophageal squamous epithelium low level intraepithelial neoplasia is closely related to the occur ence of esophageal cancer, is associated with esophageal gastroscope pathological classification and scope of lesions.