论文部分内容阅读
用26个来自基因库的轮选品系或抗源材料和19个原始亲本,在赤霉病单花接种条件下,对抗性和16个农艺性状进行综合分析与比较。平均而言,从接种后16～17天到26～27天,病小穗数和病小穗率的扩增值,轮选品系比原始亲本分别少1.32个和7.11％。病小穗数和病小穗率最终观察值,轮选品系分别为5.35个和24.39％,比原始亲本分别低2.72个和14.75％。轮选品系和原始亲本的平均抗赤霉病忭(抗扩展)分别为MR和MS级。与原始亲本相比,轮选品系的平均株高降低近20cm,生物量、籽粒产量、穗粒数、千粒重、收获指数等重要农艺性状均得到显著改进。部分轮选品系不仅抗赤性较强,而且主要农艺性状也较优良,与推广品种扬麦5号相当或相近。育种实践证明,利用ms2(Tal)基因通过轮回选择建拓抗赤霉病基因库,并结合常规育种,是小麦抗赤霉病遗传改良的有效途径。
Twenty-six wheat germplasm lines or anti-source materials and 19 original parents were used to analyze and compare the resistance and 16 agronomic traits under the single-blight inoculation of Fusarium head blight. On average, from 16 to 17 days after inoculation to 26 to 27 days, the number of spikelets and the rate of disease spikelets were less than those of the original parents, respectively. The number of diseased spikelets and the rate of diseased spikelets were 5.35 and 24.39%, respectively, which were 2.72 and 14.75% lower than the original parents, respectively. The average resistance to head blight (resistance to expansion) of the selected lines and the original parents were MR and MS grades, respectively. Compared with the original parent, the average plant height of the selected lines decreased by nearly 20 cm, and significant agronomic traits such as biomass, grain yield, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index were all significantly improved. Some of the selected rounds not only had strong resistance to redness, but also had better agronomic traits. They were similar to or similar to the popularized variety Yangmai No.5. Breeding practice has proved that the use of ms2 (Tal) gene to build resistance to Fusarium head blight by genetic selection, combined with conventional breeding, is an effective way for genetic improvement of wheat resistance to scab.