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我厂锻制的RD_2型毛坯轴在正火处理后,从大试棒上套取试样,经机械性能和晶粒度试验,合格后进行锯料、铣头,然后逐根进行超声波探伤,合格的准于出厂,否则须重新处理。自1980年下半年按(80)铁工字1030部文实行超声波探伤以来,对提高车轴质量起到了积极作用。但是,也发现了一些问题,例如:局部不透声,心部透声;边部一周不透声,心部透声;缺陷波经常出现在3、4格位置附近等问题。关于在3、4格位置出现缺陷波的问题,解剖了一些轴,但没有找出原因,未获得令人满意的解答。有的轴经解剖后,该处缺陷波也自行消失,就是有这种缺陷波的轴,经粗加工后再探,结果绝大部分均能合格出厂,尚待进一步认识和掌握。为了找出不透声的原因,选择了有代表性的三种不透声毛坯轴作实物解剖分析。这三根解剖轴的化学成份(鞍钢数据)和机械性能(我厂数据)如下。
RD_2-type rough forged shaft in our company after normalizing, sample from the big test rod, after the mechanical properties and grain size test, after passing sawing, milling head, and then root by ultrasonic testing, Pass the standard factory, otherwise it must be reprocessed. Since the second half of 1980, according to (80) 1030 Wen Tie word ultrasonic testing has been carried out to improve the axle quality has played a positive role. However, some problems were also found. For example, the local part is impervious to sound and the heart is soundproof; With respect to the problem of defect waves at positions 3 and 4, some axes were dissected but no reason was found and satisfactory answers were not obtained. Some anatomical axis, where the defect wave itself disappear, there is such a defect axis of the shaft, after roughing and then exploration, the vast majority of the results can be qualified factory, yet to be further understood and mastered. In order to find out the cause of the opaque sound, three typical opaque blank shafts were selected for physical anatomy. The chemical composition of the three anatomical axes (Ansteel data) and mechanical properties (I plant data) are as follows.