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目的分析了解广州市海珠区居民慢性病的疾病谱及其分布特征,为制定慢性病预防控制规划及政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,以入户面访方式,对海珠区2009年40 053例常住居民健康体检资料进行慢性病学流行现状分析。结果慢性病总患病率为51.46%,慢性病患病率无明显性别差异,但在年龄分布上,从45岁组开始患病率明显上升。位于前10位的慢性病病种依次为:高血压(29.44%)、高脂血症(16.44%)、糖尿病(8.19%)、高尿酸血症(5.93%)、冠心病(4.96%)、痛风(4.36%)、慢性鼻炎(4.26%)、骨质增生(3.74%)、慢性胃炎(2.11%)、脑卒中(1.76%)。这10类慢性病占慢性病患病总人次数的81.19%。在患有慢性病的11 824人中,有44.38%的人同时患有2种及以上的慢性病。结论社区慢性病患病率较高,其中高血压,高脂血症和糖尿病是海珠区居民的主要慢性病。慢性疾病谱的建立将有助于加强社区监控及及规范化治疗。
Objective To analyze and understand the disease spectrum and its distribution characteristics of chronic diseases in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City and provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and control programs and policies on chronic diseases. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases in 40 053 permanent residents in Haizhu District from 2009 to 2009. Results The total prevalence of chronic diseases was 51.46%. There was no significant gender difference in the prevalence of chronic diseases. However, the prevalence of chronic diseases was significantly increased from the age of 45 in age distribution. The top ten chronic diseases were hypertension (29.44%), hyperlipidemia (16.44%), diabetes (8.19%), hyperuricemia (5.93%), coronary heart disease (4.96%), (4.36%), chronic rhinitis (4.26%), bone hyperplasia (3.74%), chronic gastritis (2.11%) and stroke (1.76%). These 10 types of chronic diseases account for 81.19% of the total number of chronic diseases. Of the 11 824 people with chronic diseases, 44.38% had two or more chronic diseases at the same time. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases in the community is high, of which hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes are the major chronic diseases among residents in Haizhu District. The establishment of chronic disease spectrum will help to strengthen community surveillance and standardization of treatment.