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本文用改进的石灰性土壤无机磷分级方法系统地研究了河北省主要类型土壤的磷素形态，小麦玉米轮作中水溶性磷肥施入土壤后的动态转化。研究结果表明，潮褐土、褐土、潮土的磷素形态为：无机磷占土壤全磷的７３２％～９６４％，ＣａＰ占无机磷的７９１％～９０８％，Ｃａ１０－Ｐ占ＣａＰ的５１７％～９７４％。小麦玉米轮作中水溶性磷肥施入土壤后的化学行为：第一年，小麦和玉米共吸收利用了施入磷的２４６％～２７４％，作物主要消耗了土壤积累态Ｃａ２－Ｐ，其次为Ｃａ８Ｐ；第二、三年，作物分别吸收利用了施入磷的１９０％～２０４％、１２４％～１７３％，主要消耗了土壤积累态Ｃａ８Ｐ，其次为Ｃａ２Ｐ、ＡｌＰ，再次为ＦｅＰ。土壤积累磷以Ｃａ８Ｐ为主，其次为Ｃａ２Ｐ，再次为ＡｌＰ、ＦｅＰ。土壤各形态无机磷的转化主要发生在Ｃａ２Ｐ与Ｃａ８Ｐ之间。化学磷肥与有机肥配施提高了土壤积累态磷的有效性。施用磷肥的效应在连续３年小麦玉米轮作中均表现明显的增产效应。
This paper systematically studied the phosphorus forms of main types of soils in Hebei Province and the dynamic transformation of water-soluble phosphate fertilizers applied to soils after wheat-corn rotation in an improved calcareous soil inorganic phosphorus fractionation method. The results showed that the phosphorus forms of tide cinnamon soil, cinnamon soil and alluvial soil were as follows: inorganic phosphorus accounted for 73.2% ~ 96.4% of total phosphorus in soil and 79.1% ~ 90% of inorganic phosphorus 8%, Ca10-P accounts for 517% ~ 974% of CaP. The chemical behavior of water-soluble phosphate fertilizer applied to soil after wheat-corn rotation was as follows: In the first year, wheat and corn absorbed and utilized 24.6% -27.4% of the total phosphorus applied, and the crops mainly consumed soil accumulated Ca2 + P, followed by Ca8-P; in the second and third years, the crops absorbed and utilized 190% ~ 204% and 124% ~ 173% of phosphorus, respectively, and mainly consumed soil Ca8 P, followed by Ca2 P, Al P, again Fe P. P accumulation of soil to Ca8 P-based, followed by Ca2 P, again for Al P, Fe P. The transformation of inorganic phosphorus in soil mainly occurs between Ca2-P and Ca8-P. The combination of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer increased the availability of soil-accumulated phosphorus. The effect of applying phosphate fertilizer showed obvious stimulation effect in three years of wheat-corn rotation.