论文部分内容阅读
风化深度是石窟等石质文物稳定性、耐久性评价和保护方案制定的重要依据之一。本文在定性观察的基础上,利用环境磁学便携式磁化率仪对云冈石窟风化砂岩进行了现场风化程度无损探测,提出了云冈石窟片状风化砂岩风化程度定量分级标准,并探测了云冈石窟龙王庙沟西侧崖壁砂岩的风化深度。认为云冈石窟片状风化砂岩风化程度分为5级,云冈石窟片状风化砂岩在风化退质过程中磁化率值具有先升高后降低的特征。龙王庙沟西侧崖壁水平钻孔ZK3、ZK6处砂岩的风化深度分别为400mm和570mm,相应的风化速度为0.26350～0.26882mm/a和0.37549～0.38306mm/a,离沟口直线距离对此处砂岩的风化具有控制作用。风化的主要影响因素是武周山南崖壁的卸荷裂隙十分发育,它不仅导致石窟寺岩体边坡的失稳,也为水的入渗和渗流,石雕表面盐类的运移和积聚提供了良好的通道,更进一步加速了石雕文物的风化。建议对武周山南崖壁表面岩体进行防风化处理,并修建保护性窟檐以减小风化营力的作用。
Weathering depth is one of the important bases for the stability and durability evaluation and protection plan of rock artifacts such as grottoes. On the basis of qualitative observation, this paper carried out non-destructive detection of weathering degree of weathered sandstone in Yungang Grottoes by using environmental magnetic susceptibility portable magnetic susceptibility meter, and proposed the quantitative grading standard of weathering degree of the weathered sandstone in Yungang Grottoes. Grottoes Longwangmiao ditch weathered depth of the cliff wall sandstone. It is concluded that the weathering degree of the plate-shaped weathered sandstone in Yungang Grottoes is divided into five grades. The magnetic susceptibility values of the sheet-shaped weathered sandstone in Yungang Grottoes are firstly increased and then decreased in the process of weathering and degeneracy. The weathered depth of sandstone at horizontal boreholes ZK3 and ZK6 on the west side of Longwangmiao Mound is 400mm and 570mm, respectively, and the corresponding weathered velocities are 0.26350 ~ 0.26882mm / a and 0.37549 ~ 0.38306mm / a, Sandstone weathering has a controlling role. The main influencing factor of weathering is that the unloading fissures in the southern cliffs of the Wuzhushan well develop. It not only leads to the instability of the rock slope of the cave temple, but also provides the infiltration and seepage of water, the migration and accumulation of salt on the stone surface A good channel, further accelerated the weathering of stone artifacts. It is suggested that the rock face of southwestern cliff surface in Wu Zhou Shan should be protected from weathering and the protective caver eaves should be built to reduce the weathering force.