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神经胶质细胞在阿片类药耐受的发生和维持中发挥着重要的作用。胶质细胞上嘌呤受体的激活可诱导其合成和释放促炎因子、神经活性物质等，参与神经病理性疼痛及阿片耐受的形成和维持。靶向抑制嘌呤受体的各种亚型在神经病理性疼痛和阿片耐受的研究中已取得初步进展，其可能成为缓解阿片耐受的重要治疗靶点。因此，理解嘌呤受体的结构和生物学功能可能为临床治疗阿片耐受提供新的选择。“,”Gliocyte plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of tolerance to opioid anal-gesia.Purinoceptor activation on glial cells can induce the synthesis and release of proinflammatory cytokines and neuroactive substances,which are involved in the development and maintenance of the neuropathy pain and opioid tolerance.Targeting inhibition of purinoceptor subtypes in neuropathic pain and opioid tolerance has made preliminary progress,therefore,purinoceptor may become the important therapeutic targets to allevi-ate opioid tolerance.Therefore,understanding of the structure and biological function of purinoceptor may pro-vide a new choice for the clinical treatment of morphine tolerance .