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GOSAT卫星观测反演大气CO2浓度精度已经提高到了1—2 ppm,而卫星数据能否准确地揭示全球和区域大气CO2浓度变化特征还缺乏充分的评价与分析。本文针对已经连续运行观测3年的GOSAT卫星,收集了来自美国NASA-OCO团队(ACOS)和日本环境研究所GOSAT团队(NIES)基于各自算法反演的两套大气CO2柱浓度数据,描述并分析了全球大气CO2时空变化特征。分析结果表明,从XCO2反演的绝对值结果来看ACOS总体上比NIES的高出约2 ppm左右,但从时空的相对变化上它们揭示了相近的大气CO2浓度时空变化特征。两套数据显示出全球平均大气CO2浓度在2010年—2012年的3年期间年增量分别为1.8 ppm和2.0 ppm;季节变化幅度,北半球最大4—6 ppm,南半球最大约2 ppm,这与地面观测结果基本一致。进一步将EDGAR 4.2人为排放总量格网化数据与GOSAT卫星观测反演的CO2浓度进行相关统计分析,结果指出两套数据对人为排放量有着微弱的响应。本文结果指出目前GOSAT卫星观测反演的XCO2可以检测出全球和区域大气CO2浓度的年变化、季节变化和区域空间变化的特征;GOSAT卫星10.5 km空间分辨率的观测虽难于检测出点源的浓度变化,但从区域上对人为排放的累积效应的监测显示了一定的应用潜力。
The precision of GOSAT satellite in retrieving atmospheric CO2 concentration has been raised to 1-2 ppm. However, satellite data can not accurately reveal the global and regional variation of atmospheric CO2 concentration, but they are still not fully evaluated and analyzed. In this paper, two sets of atmospheric CO 2 concentration data collected from NASOS-OCO team (ACOS) and Japan Institute of Environmental Research (GIESAT) team (NIES) based on their respective algorithms are collected and analyzed for the GOSAT satellite that has been continuously observed for 3 years. The temporal and spatial variation of global atmospheric CO2. The results show that ACOS is generally about 2 ppm higher than NIES based on the absolute value of XCO2 inversion, but they reveal similar spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric CO2 concentration from the relative change of space-time. The two sets of data show that the global average atmospheric CO2 concentration increases by 1.8 ppm and 2.0 ppm over the three-year period from 2010 to 2012 respectively; the seasonal variation ranges from 4-6 ppm in the northern hemisphere to about 2 ppm in the southern hemisphere, Ground observations are basically the same. Further statistical analysis of the EDGAR 4.2 anthropogenic emissions gridding data and the GOSAT satellite inversion CO2 concentration showed that the two sets of data had a weak response to anthropogenic emissions. The results of this paper point out that at present, XCO2 retrieved by GOSAT satellite can detect annual, seasonal and regional spatial variations of global and regional atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Although the spatial resolution of GOSAT satellite is difficult to detect the point source concentration However, the monitoring of the cumulative effect of anthropogenic emissions by region shows some potential for application.