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本文提出了一种新型结构的多孔质金属含油轴承。该轴承的局部渗透性能沿其圆周方向按特定规律变化,这是为既保持多孔轴承的自润滑特性,又提高其承载能力和减少摩擦而设计的。理论分析和实验研究的结果表明了新轴承的摩擦学特性较之普通多孔轴承有很大改善;新轴承的极限pV值(实验值)较普通多孔轴承高约一倍。为研究这种轴承,本文建立了综合考虑到多孔基体弯曲效应、基体与油膜分界面上的滑动效应、油膜内气穴效应,以及渗透度各向异性的多孔轴承流体动力润滑方程式;给出了该数学模型用于新轴承求解的电算程序。根据数值计算结果,本文对多孔轴承的润滑机理进行了讨论。
This paper presents a new type of porous metal bearing. The local permeability of the bearing changes along a certain regularity in the circumferential direction, which is designed to maintain both the self-lubricating characteristics of the porous bearing, but also improve its carrying capacity and reduce friction. The results of theoretical analysis and experimental studies show that the tribological properties of the new bearings are greatly improved compared with ordinary porous bearings. The limit pV (experimental value) of the new bearings is about double that of ordinary porous bearings. In order to study this kind of bearing, a hydrodynamic lubrication equation of porous bearing considering the bending effect of the porous substrate, the sliding effect at the interface between the substrate and the oil film, the cavitation effect in the oil film, and the permeability anisotropy was established. The mathematical model is used in the calculation of a new bearing calculation program. According to the numerical results, the lubrication mechanism of porous bearings is discussed in this paper.