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本文试图证明,阿尔都塞从现代哲学中归结出的两种因果性概念——笛卡尔的传递因果性以及莱布尼茨和“黑格尔”的表达因果性——分别可以用来理解政治经济学在斯密之前和之后的形态。这两种形态共同规定了成熟的资本主义生产方式和拜物教在其中的表现形式,前者支配了周期性的危机时期,后者则支配了“正常”时期。阿尔都塞又提出了第三种因果性概念,即结构因果性,但与他的想法不同,我认为这个概念只能在一定限度内用来分析资本主义社会。
This article attempts to prove that the two causal concepts that Althusser attributes from modern philosophy-Cartesian transitive causality and the expression causality of Leibniz and “Hegel ”, respectively, can be used Understand the morphology of political economy before and after Smith. Together, these two forms prescribe the forms of mature capitalist production and fetishism in which the former dominates the period of periodic crises and the latter dominates the period of “normality.” Althusser again proposed the third concept of causation, structural causality, but unlike his ideas, I think that this concept can only be used to analyze capitalist societies to some extent.