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本文介绍了在乌鲁木齐旱作栽培条件下,对29份豆科牧草进行3年(1986～1988年)试验后,筛选出具有抗旱、抗寒和丰产等特性的4种类型优良牧草。 1)割草型牧草:有图牧二号紫花苜蓿、图牧一号杂花苜蓿、石河子杂花苜蓿和麦罗斯红豆草。产量高、营养丰富,干草产量9326～10476kg/ha,适宜半干旱地区建立割草场利用。 2)放牧型牧草:有白花野豌豆、草原黄芪和谢家沟岩黄芪。草质好,蛋白质含量高(24～26％),耐牧、再生性好,干草产量3975～5400kg/ha,适宜半干旱地区建立放牧草场利用。 3)防风固沙型牧草:胡枝子和山竹岩黄芪,抗旱性强、青绿期长,干草产量4624.5～4900.5kg/ha,宜在干旱沙漠地区作防风固沙兼牧草用。 4)水土保持型牧草:草藤其茎枝多、生长快、覆盖地面大、产量高,干草产量6750kg/ha,宜在水土流失地区作水土保持及牧草利用。
In this paper, 29 kinds of leguminous pasture were tested for three years (1986 ~ 1988) under the condition of dry cultivation in Urumqi. Four kinds of fine pasture with drought, cold and yield were screened out. 1) Mowing grass: There Tumu 2 alfalfa, Tumu 1 alfalfa, Shihezi alfalfa and wheat Rosewood. High yield, nutrient-rich, hay yield 9326 ~ 10476kg / ha, suitable for semi-arid areas to establish the use of mowing. 2) grazing grass: a white wild pea, grassland Astragalus and Xiejiagou Yan Astragalus. Good grass quality, high protein content (24-26%), good resistance to grazing, good regeneration, hay yield 3975 ~ 5400kg / ha, suitable for the establishment of grazing grassland in semi-arid areas. 3) Windbreak and sand fixing grass: Lespedeza rhododendron and Shanzhu rock astragalus have strong drought resistance and long green verdure, and the yield of hay is 4624.5-4900.5kg / ha, which is suitable for windbreak and sand fixation and forage in arid desert areas. 4) Soil and water conservation forage grass: rattan has many stems and branches, grow fast, cover the ground, high yield, hay yield 6750kg / ha, should soil and water conservation areas and forage utilization.