论文部分内容阅读
问:瞳孔反射有几种?各有何生理意义? 答:瞳孔的大小受神经反射性调节,主要的瞳孔反射有瞳孔对光反射和瞳孔近反射两种。 1.瞳孔对光反射瞳孔随视网膜光照强度而发生大小变化的反应叫瞳孔对光反射。它的感受器是视网膜,传入纤维在视神经中,进入中枢后在中脑的顶盖前区换神经元,然后到同侧和对侧的动眼神经核、传出纤维是动眼神经中的副交感神经纤维,效应器是瞳孔括约肌。光照一侧瞳孔,除被照侧瞳孔缩小外,对侧瞳孔也缩小,后者称为互感性对光反射。临床上有时见到瞳孔对光反应消失,瞳孔左右不等,互感反应消失等情况,常常是中脑
Q: What are the physiological meanings of the pupil reflexes? A: The size of the pupil is regulated by reflexes of the nerves. The main pupil reflexes are pupil light reflex and pupil reflex. 1. pupil light reflection pupil with retinal light intensity changes in the size of the reaction called the pupil light reflex. Its receptors are the retina, afferent fibers in the optic nerve, after entering the center of the midbrain in the prefrontal area for neurons, and then to the ipsilateral and contralateral oculomotor nucleus, the outgoing fibers in the oculomotor nerve Parasympathetic nerve fiber, the effector is the pupil sphincter. Light side of the pupil, in addition to the pupil is shone down, the contralateral pupil is also reduced, the latter known as mutual reflectance of light reflex. Occasionally see pupil photoreactive disappearance of the pupil, ranging from about left and right, mutual reaction disappeared, etc., often in the brain