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土壤呼吸作为全球碳循环的一个重要组成部分,是理解地下碳排放过程与土壤有机碳稳定性的关键环节。然而,土壤呼吸是由不同组分构成,目前对有关土壤呼吸的许多关键术语尚存在理解片面和使用不当问题,阻碍了相关土壤碳循环的研究进程。本文针对此现状,分别从土壤呼吸各组分所利用的碳源、产生的部位与途径等方面综合分析了国内外土壤碳排放的研究进展及对陆地生态系统地下碳排放过程的认知,并对所涉及的相关术语进行梳理与界定。在此基础上,阐释了土壤呼吸各组分对大气CO_2浓度的贡献及其对全球变暖的响应;结合当前有关土壤碳循环的研究热点,强调了区分陆地生态系统土壤呼吸各组分的必要性与生态重要性,指出深入研究根际激发效应发生机制是破译未来生态系统地下碳循环过程的关键。
Soil respiration, as an important part of the global carbon cycle, is a key link in understanding the process of underground carbon emissions and the stability of soil organic carbon. However, soil respiration is composed of different components. At present, many key terms related to soil respiration are still poorly understood and improperly used, which hinders the progress of the research on soil carbon cycle. In view of this situation, this paper analyzes the research progress of soil carbon emission at home and abroad and the cognition to the underground carbon emission process of terrestrial ecosystem from the aspects of carbon source, components and ways of soil respiration. The relevant terms involved in the sort and definition. On this basis, the contribution of soil respiration to atmospheric CO 2 concentration and its response to global warming are explained. Combined with the current research hotspots on soil carbon cycling, the necessity of distinguishing soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems is emphasized Sexual and ecological importance, pointed out that in-depth study of the mechanism of the root cause of excitation is to decipher the future ecosystem of the underground carbon cycle of the key.