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以红根草为试材,研究不同栽培基质对红根草根系生长及其生物量积累动态和主要有效成分的影响,比较了4种基质中红根草1年生优良种苗根系的生长速度及生物量的积累动态,并在生物量积累最大时期对其主要有效成分丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮ⅡA进行测定。结果表明:不同栽培基质对红根草根系生长及其干物质积累均产生了重要影响。4—6月份根长以基质A(黄土)和基质C(园土)中增长较快,在7月后,则以基质B(园土∶灶土∶沙子=2∶1∶1)和基质D(原产地土壤)较大;基质A中根系数明显少于其它3种基质,8月份后以基质B中根长最大;由不同部位生物量及其生物量分配比例可知,红根草在4—5月份幼苗主要以根部生长为主,而在6—8月份,地上部分叶片快速生长,在生物量分配上占主导地位,9—10月份又以根部占主导地位;通过比较分析丹参酮类含量,发现丹参酮ⅡA在基质B中最高,其次是基质D,基质C中最低;丹参酮Ⅰ在4种基质中均很低,相比较而言,以基质A含量最高,其次是基质B。该研究结果可为红根草人工栽培与繁殖提供参考依据。
The effects of different culture media on root growth, biomass accumulation and main active components of red root grass were studied. The growth rate of root system of one-year-old excellent seedlings of three types of roots and roots were compared. The dynamic accumulation of biomass, and the tanshinone Ⅰ and tanshinone ⅡA, the major active components of the biomass, were measured at the maximum period of biomass accumulation. The results showed that different cultivation substrates had an important effect on root growth and dry matter accumulation of A. canadensis. From April to June, the root length increased rapidly in matrix A (loess) and matrix C (garden soil). After July, the root length increased with substrate B (garden soil: sand = 2: 1: 1) D (native soil) was larger; the root coefficient of matrix A was significantly less than that of the other three substrates, and the root length of matrix B was the largest after August. From the biomass and its biomass allocation ratio, In May, the seedlings were mainly root growth, while in June-August, the aboveground leaves grew rapidly and dominated the biomass distribution, and the roots dominated from September to October. By comparing and analyzing the content of tanshinones, Tanshinone IIA was found to be the highest in substrate B, followed by substrate D and lowest in substrate C; tanshinone I was low in all four substrates, with the highest substrate A content, followed by substrate B. The results of this study can provide a reference for the artificial cultivation and propagation of red root grass.