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宏观地看,最明显的事实是某些国家富有某些资源,而另一些资源则可能完全缺失。常可发现,某种矿产资源的生产集中在少数几国,甚至集中于一个国家之内。例如,一个国家为世界提供某种金属在50%以上的包括,巴西的铌(83%)、南非的金(65%),美国的钼(64%)、扎伊尔的钻(59%)、苏联的铂(55%),以及我国的钨,锑等。当然,这种状况随时间的发展可能发生某种改变,但各种成矿元素在地壳内分布的不均匀性是绝对的。
At a macroscopic level, the most obvious fact is that some countries are rich in some resources, while others may be completely missing. Often it can be found that the production of a mineral resource is concentrated in a few countries and even concentrated in one country. For example, one country provides the world with more than 50% metals, including niobium in Brazil (83%), gold in South Africa (65%), molybdenum in the United States (64%), drilling in Zaire (59% , The Soviet Union’s platinum (55%), and our country’s tungsten, antimony and so on. Of course, some changes may occur with the development of this situation over time, but the heterogeneity of distribution of various ore-forming elements in the crust is absolute.