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本文回应了中国社会科学院张江教授提出的“强制阐释论”。在《强制阐释论》一文中,张江教授指出“强制阐释”是当代西方文论的一个基本特征和根本缺陷。本文作者对《强制阐释论》一文提出的女性主义、生态批评、精神分析学、结构主义、解构主义等批评方法对某些经典作品的强制阐释,进行了辨析论证。同时,作者还探讨了美国大学中文化研究课程所构建的所谓“法国理论”的由来及其局限,并提出其认同的批评实践:一种基于文本特性、结合文本所产生的时代及社会背景、参照作者的创作意图、读者积极参与的运用多重适宜理论的综合的批评方法。通过严谨的文本分析,文学批评发现文本通过构建文本与生活的意义所带来的新的视角。由此,文学阅读丰富生活、提升现实与人的精神境界的功能得以彰显。
This article responds to the “theory of forced interpretation” proposed by Professor Zhang Jiang of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. In his article “Forced Interpretation,” Professor Zhang Jiang pointed out that “compulsory interpretation” is a basic feature and fundamental defect of contemporary Western literary theory. The author of this article analyzes and verifies the mandatory interpretation of some classic works from the criticisms such as feminism, ecocriticism, psychoanalysis, structuralism and deconstruction proposed in the article of “compulsory interpretation theory.” At the same time, the author also explores the origin and limitations of the so-called “French Theory” constructed by the American University Chinese Culture Studies curriculum and puts forward his own criticism: one is based on textual characteristics and combined with the times and social Background, referring to the author’s intention of creation, the reader’s active participation in the use of multiple appropriate theory comprehensive criticism. Through rigorous text analysis, literary criticism finds a new perspective on text through the construction of texts and the meaning of life. Thus, the function of literary reading enriched life and ascension of reality and human spiritual realm can be demonstrated.