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神经系统是一个包含有多种类型神经元和无数个突触连接的复杂网络。关于神经元如何识别特定的目标和形成这样一个错综复杂的网络的认识目前仍然很有限。唐氏综合征细胞黏附分子(Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule, DSCAM)是免疫球蛋白超家族的成员,与唐氏综合征患者的中枢神经系统病变有密切的关系。DSCAM在神经发育过程中起着重要的作用,包括树突形成、自我回避、轴突导向和分支、轴突目标识别和突触形成等。然而,DSCAM在神经系统中作用的机制和相关信号通路仍不清楚。本文综述了DSCAM在神经发育中的作用,并对未来的研究进行探讨,以期更好地理解DSCAM的功能及其与人类疾病的关系。
The nervous system is a complex network that contains many types of neurons and innumerable synaptic connections. Recognition of how neurons recognize particular goals and to form such an intricate network is still limited. Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule, DSCAM) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is closely related to the central nervous system diseases of Down’s syndrome patients. DSCAM plays an important role in neurodevelopment, including dendritic formation, self-avoidance, axon guidance and branching, axon recognition and synapse formation. However, the mechanism by which DSCAM functions in the nervous system and the related signaling pathways remain unclear. This review summarizes the role of DSCAM in neurodevelopment and explores future research to better understand the function of DSCAM and its relationship to human disease.