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虽然早在公元前24世纪中期在两河流域就出现了城市,但是直到20世纪初叶才有现代城市规划。现代城市规划孕育于市场经济农业时代,人类先民聚族而居是为了与严酷的自然环境抗争,追求生存的安全。由于农业生产力有限,很难维持大规模的城市人口,除少数大帝国的都城外,城市数量很少而且发展缓慢。当时的经济重心在乡村,社会发展缓慢,价值观念相对稳定,城市主要是政治统治的中心,以军事防御、商品贸易和宗教功能为主,建筑和市政技术水平较低,面临的问题相对比较简
Although cities appeared in the two rivers as early as the mid-24th century BC, modern urban planning did not exist until the early 20th century. Modern urban planning conceived in the era of market economy and agriculture, the ancestors of people living together to fight with the harsh natural environment, the pursuit of the safety of survival. Owing to the limited agricultural productivity, it is very difficult to maintain a large-scale urban population. The number of cities is small and the growth rate is slow except for the capital of a few large empires. At that time, the economic center of gravity was in the villages. Social development was sluggish and values were relatively stable. The cities were mainly the centers of political domination. Military defense, commodity trade and religious functions were the main features. The technical level of buildings and municipalities was relatively low. The problems faced were relatively simple