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AIM: To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in Tolllike receptor 2 (TLR2)/4mRNA expression in livers of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis (AHNP) rats.METHODS: One hundred and ten SD male rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n= 10),AHNP group (n = 30), chloroquine (CQ)-treated group(n= 30) and L-Arg-treated group (n =40). TLR2/4mRNA expression in the liver of AHNP rats was measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Expression of TLR2/4mRNA could be detected in the liver of AHNP rats in sham-operated group (0.155E-5±0.230E-6 and 0.115E-2±0.545E-4),but was markedly increased at 3 h in AHNP group(0.197E-2±0.114E-3 and 0.175±0.349E-2) peaking at 12 h (0.294E-2±0.998E-4 and 2.673±2.795E-2,P<0.01). Hepatic injuries were aggravated, TNF-αconcentration in the liver was increased and NO concentration was decreased (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01).When TLR2/4mRNA expression was inhibited by CQ(3 h: 1.037E-4±3.299E-6 and 0.026±3.462E-3;6 h: 1.884E-4±4.679E-6 and 0.108±6.115E-3; 12 h:2.443E-4±7.714E-6 and 0.348±6.807E-3; P< 0.01),hepatic injuries were relieved, NO concentration in the liver was increased and TNF-α concentration was decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). When rats with AHNP were treated with L-Arg, TLR2/4mRNA expression in the liver could be effectively inhibited (50 mg-T:0.232E-2 ± 0.532E-4 and 0.230 ± 6.883E-3; 100 mg-T:0.210E-2±1.691E-4 and 0.187±0.849E-2; 200 mg-T:0.163E-2±0.404E-4 and 0.107±0.195E-2; 400 mg-T:0.100E-2±0.317E-4 and 0.084±0.552E-2; P<0.01)and hepatic injuries were relieved. At the same time,NO concentration in the liver was markedly increased and TNF-α concentration was decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The expression of TLR2/4mRNA is increased and hepatic injuries are aggravated in the liver of AHNP rats. TLR2/4mRNA gene expression in the liver of AHNP rats can be markedly inhibited by NO, leading to the relief of hepatic injuries.