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采用盐酸为浸出剂,考察了在常规和微波强化作用下盐酸浸出赤泥回收Ga过程中浸出温度、浸出时间、盐酸体积与赤泥质量比和盐酸浓度对Ga浸出率的影响。通过正交实验分别确定了Ga浸出率影响因素的主次顺序以及优化的浸出条件。结果表明,常规盐酸浸出过程中Ga浸出率影响因素的主次顺序及最佳浸出条件为:浸出温度100℃、浸出时间4h、盐酸浓度8mol/L以及盐酸体积与赤泥质量比7mL∶1g;而采用微波强化盐酸浸出时,Ga浸出率影响因素的主次顺序及最佳浸出条件为:浸出温度80℃、浸出时间25min、盐酸体积与赤泥质量比7mL∶1g以及盐酸浓度7mol/L。相比常规盐酸浸出,微波强化盐酸浸出的Ga浸出率更高,浸出温度更低,浸出时间明显缩短,盐酸浓度也更低。
Hydrochloric acid was used as leaching agent to study the effects of leaching temperature, leaching time, hydrochloric acid volume, red mud mass ratio and hydrochloric acid concentration on the leaching rate of Ga during the recovery of Ga by hydrochloric acid leaching red mud under conventional and microwave intensification. Orthogonal experiments were used to determine the primary and secondary factors affecting the Ga leaching rate and the optimal leaching conditions. The results showed that the main order and the best leaching conditions of factors influencing the leaching rate of Ga were the leaching temperature of 100 ℃, the leaching time of 4 h, the concentration of hydrochloric acid of 8 mol / L and the mass ratio of hydrochloric acid to red mud of 7 mL:1 g. However, when using microwave-enhanced hydrochloric acid leaching, the order and the optimum leaching conditions of factors influencing the leaching rate of Ga were: leaching temperature 80 ℃, leaching time 25min, mass ratio of hydrochloric acid to red mud 7mL:1g, and hydrochloric acid 7mol / L. Compared with the conventional hydrochloric acid leaching, the leaching rate of Ga by microwave-enhanced hydrochloric acid is higher, the leaching temperature is lower, the leaching time is significantly shortened and the hydrochloric acid concentration is lower.