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分析了实际生产中四种常见的球墨铸铁排气歧管的浇注缺陷,讨论了流场与温度对浇注的影响,并对传统的模具进行了优化设计。研究结果表明:铸件中氧化物的分布,既受浇注温度的影响,也受流场特性的影响,浇注过程中氧化物含量增多会大幅降低铸件的品质;将模具空腔内的流道尺寸优化后,液态金属具有持续稳定的流动,所产生的氧化物能够快速累积于冒口处,不会由于湍流的作用而滞留于铸件中,减少了缺陷,提高了排气歧管铸件质量。
The defects of pouring of four common ductile iron exhaust manifolds in actual production were analyzed. The influence of flow field and temperature on pouring was discussed. The traditional mold was optimized. The results show that the distribution of oxide in the casting is affected not only by the pouring temperature but also by the characteristics of the flow field. The increase of the oxide content in the casting process can greatly reduce the quality of the castings. The size of the flow channel in the mold cavity is optimized After the liquid metal has a sustained and steady flow, the oxide produced can quickly accumulate in the riser, will not stay in the casting due to the turbulent flow, reducing defects and improve the quality of exhaust manifold castings.