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目的了解江西省2009~2011年<5岁儿童轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)腹泻的流行病学特征,以及RV的血清型和基因型,为研发疫苗提供参考。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent,ELISA)检测粪便标本中的RV抗原;对于抗原检测阳性的标本,用ELISA检测RV的G血清型,对于未确定型别的毒株再利用嵌套式(Nested)逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested-RT-PCR)鉴定型别,P分型直接采用RT-PCR方法。结果在江西省儿童医院,共采集<5岁急性腹泻患儿的粪便标本624份,其中234份采自门诊患儿,390份采自住院患儿。共检出287份RV阳性粪便标本,总检出率为46.0%。10~12月是RV腹泻的高发季节。RV检测阳性血清型鉴定为G3型,是流行优势毒株;基因型鉴定P[8]型占73.3%。结论江西省<5岁儿童RV腹泻全年均有发病,但以第四季度发病居多,发病人群以<18月龄小儿为主;RV的血清型以G3型为主,基因型以P[8]型为主。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus (RV) diarrhea in children aged <5 years in Jiangxi Province from 2009 to 2011, and the serotypes and genotypes of RV in order to provide reference for the development of vaccines. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect RV antigen in stool samples. For antigen positive samples, G serotypes of RV were detected by ELISA. Nested Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (Nested-RT-PCR) was used to identify the genotype, and the P genotype was directly analyzed by RT-PCR. Results In the Children’s Hospital of Jiangxi Province, a total of 624 stool samples of children aged <5 years with acute diarrhea were collected. Among them, 234 were collected from outpatients and 390 from hospitalized children. A total of 287 RV-positive stool specimens were detected with a total detection rate of 46.0%. 10 to December is the high season of RV diarrhea. RV positive serotypes identified as G3 type, is the prevalence of strains; genotype P [8] accounted for 73.3%. Conclusion RV diarrhea in 5-year-old children in Jiangxi province all year round occurred in the whole year, but mostly in the fourth quarter, the incidence was mainly in children <18 months old. The serotypes of RV were mainly G3 and the genotype was P [8 ] Type based.