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目的:了解单纯性肥胖儿童心率的变化特征,探讨有氧运动对心率变异的影响机制。方法:选择单纯性肥胖男性儿童30名作为实验组,年龄(10.40±0.30)岁,身高(155.20±3.80)cm。配对选择体重正常健康儿童30名作为对照组,年龄(10.50±0.51)岁,身高(154.40±3.50)cm。实验组儿童进行12周有氧运动,采用12导联Superscan TM动态心电图分析系统记录运动前后安静状态心电图,并进行心率变异性的时域和频域分析。结果:①频域指标:实验组LF、HF和LF/HF均低于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);实验组运动后LF和HF与运动前比较明显增加(P<0.05)。②时域指标:实验组SDNN和LPNN50低于对照组(P<0.01);实验组运动后SDNN和LPNN50与运动前比较明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:单纯性肥胖儿童与正常儿童比较存在心率变异,主要表现为迷走神经活性降低;有氧运动能够改善单纯性肥胖儿童的自主神经活动。
Objective: To understand the changes of heart rate in simple obese children and explore the mechanism of the influence of aerobic exercise on heart rate variability. Methods: Totally 30 obese male children were selected as the experimental group, with a mean age of (10.40 ± 0.30) years and a height of (155.20 ± 3.80) cm. Thirty healthy children, whose body weight was normal and healthy, were selected as the control group. The age was (10.50 ± 0.51) years old and the height was (154.40 ± 3.50) cm. The children in the experimental group were subjected to aerobic exercise for 12 weeks. The 12-lead Superscan TM Holter monitoring system recorded the resting electrocardiogram before and after exercise, and analyzed the time-domain and frequency-domain analysis of heart rate variability. Results: ①Frequency domain indexes: LF, HF and LF / HF in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01 or P <0.05); LF and HF in the experimental group were significantly increased compared with those before exercise (P <0.05). (2) Time domain index: SDNN and LPNN50 in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P <0.01); SDNN and LPNN50 in experimental group were significantly increased after exercise (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Heart rate variability exists in simple obese children compared with normal children, which is mainly manifested as decreased vagal activity. Aerobic exercise can improve autonomic nervous activity in children with simple obesity.