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白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）及其受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）系统在机体免疫调节中发挥着重要作用。本研究首先以间接免疫荧光技术检测了选择性ＩｇＡ缺乏症（ＳＩｇＡＤ）患儿活化淋巴细胞膜表面白细胞介素２受体（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα）的表达情况及其Ｔ细胞亚类水平，继而采用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了ＳＩｇＡＤ患儿血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα）的含量。结果表明：ＳＩｇＡＤ患儿组的Ｔａｃ阳性细胞百分率（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα）明显高于正常对照组，其ＣＤ４＋细胞百分率明显低于正常对照组、ＣＤ８＋细胞百分率明显高于正常对照组。而其血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα含量亦明显高于正常对照组。研究显示：ＳＩｇＡＤ患儿ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα的表达虽高于正常对照组，但因其Ｔ细胞亚类的显著异常既有体内存在着明显的细胞免疫功能的损害，导致ＩＬ－２的生成不足，使高水平的ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα大量脱落成为ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα，而ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα又可与ＳＩＬ－２Ｒα竞争结合ＩＬ－２，从而使机体细胞免疫功能的损害进一步加剧。
Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) systems play an important role in the immune regulation of the body. In this study, indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of interleukin 2 receptor (mIL-2Rα) on the surface of activated lymphocytes and the level of T lymphocyte subsets in children with selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) Sandwich ELISA was used to detect the serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2Rα) in children with SIgAD. The results showed that the percentage of Tac positive cells (mIL-2Rα) in SIgAD group was significantly higher than that in normal control group, the percentage of CD4 + cells in SIgAD group was significantly lower than that in normal control group, and the percentage of CD8 + cells in SIgAD group was significantly higher than that in normal control group. The serum SIL-2Rα content was also significantly higher than the normal control group. The results showed that the expression of mIL-2Rα in children with SIgAD was higher than that of the normal control group. However, due to the significant abnormality of T cell subsets, there was obvious damage of cellular immune function in vivo, leading to the deficiency of IL-2 production High levels of SIL-2Rα are shed in large numbers as SIL-2Rα, which in turn competes with SIL-2Rα for binding to IL-2, further damaging the cellular immune function of the body.