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目的分析广东兴宁市2004~2009年狂犬病疫情状况,为狂犬病防制策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2004~2009年广东兴宁市狂犬病资料进行统计分析。结果 2004~2009年共报告狂犬病22例,死亡22例,死亡率100%,除2008年无发病外,其余年份均有病例报告,发病率以2004年最高,达1.32/10万,年平均发病率为0.32/10万。潜伏期平均为67.8d。病例20例分布在农村,2例在城区(含3个办事处);病例男女性别比为3.4:1;发病年龄以>50岁为主,共17例,占77.27%;职业分布以农民为多,占81.82%;发病时间以5~6月和9~10月最多,共15例,占68.18%。77.27.%的病例暴露后伤口未作处理和100%未就地及时规范处理,68.18%的病例无免疫史。结论广东兴宁市狂犬病病例68.18%无免疫史,100%暴露后未就地及时规范处理伤口是狂犬病发病的主要原因。加强狂犬病危害性及暴露后预防知识的宣传工作、及时就地规范处理伤口和接种疫苗是防制狂犬病的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of rabies from 2004 to 2009 in Xingning City, Guangdong Province, and provide evidence for rabies prevention and control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the rabies data of Xingning City in Guangdong from 2004 to 2009. Results A total of 22 cases of rabies were reported from 2004 to 2009, with 22 deaths and 100% mortality rate. All the cases were reported in other years except in 2008, with the highest incidence in 2004, reaching 1.32 / 100000, with an average annual incidence The rate was 0.32 / 100,000. The average incubation period was 67.8d. 20 cases were distributed in rural areas and 2 cases were in urban areas (including 3 offices); the male / female ratio was 3.4: 1; the age of onset was> 50 years old, with 17 cases (77.27%); Accounting for 81.82%. The onset time was from May to June and from September to October, with a total of 15 cases (68.18%). 77.27% of the cases were exposed wounds without treatment and 100% did not promptly regulate the local treatment, 68.18% of cases no history of immunity. Conclusions 68.18% of rabies cases in Xingning City, Guangdong Province have no history of immunization. The most important reason for the incidence of rabies is the timely and normative treatment of wounds after 100% exposure. Strengthened awareness of rabies and post-exposure prevention knowledge, timely and standardized treatment of wounds and vaccinations are effective measures to prevent rabies.