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以抗寒能力较强的马铃薯野生种Solanum acaule材料03079-431为对照,采用室内电导率法对115个马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)品种进行了抗寒性鉴定,评价了我国主要马铃薯栽培品种的抗寒能力。115个马铃薯品种冷驯化前的半致死温度(LT_(50))介于-1.0~-4.1°C之间,85.3%的品种LT_(50)高于-3°C,其中,‘晋薯2号’、‘克新2号’、‘郑薯5号’和‘郑薯6号’的LT_(50)低于-3.5°C,具有较强的抗寒能力。依据抗寒能力聚类分析,将115个供试品种分为低温敏感型、中抗寒型、抗寒型3类,分别占供试材料的29.6%、55.7%和14.7%。通过田间自然霜冻法进行相关分析验证,结果显示:自然霜冻鉴定结果与LT_(50)测定结果的相关性达极显著水平(P<0.01),相关系数达到0.9287,表明室内鉴定结果真实可信。比较分析部分品种冷驯化前后的LT_(50)发现,各个品种冷驯化前后的LT_(50)变化很小,表明普通栽培种冷驯化能力较弱或无冷驯化能力。
Solanum acorle (Solanum acaule) 03079-431 was used as a control to evaluate the cold resistance of 115 Solanum tuberosum cultivars with cold tolerance and evaluated the cold resistance of the main potato cultivars in China ability. The half lethal temperature (LT_ (50)) of 115 potato cultivars before cold acclimation ranged from -1.0 to -4.1 ° C, and 85.3% of the cultivars LT_ (50) were higher than -3 ° C. Among them, LTK 50 of the ’Kexin 2’, ’Zhengshu 5’ and ’Zhengshu 6’ were lower than -3.5 ° C, and had strong cold resistance. Based on the cluster analysis of cold tolerance ability, 115 tested cultivars were divided into three types: low temperature sensitive, moderate cold resistant and cold tolerant, accounting for 29.6%, 55.7% and 14.7% of the tested materials respectively. The correlation analysis between natural frost identification results and LT_ (50) results showed that there was a significant correlation (P <0.01), and the correlation coefficient reached 0.9287, indicating that the indoor appraisal results are credible. Comparing the LT_ (50) of some cultivars before and after cold acclimation, the change of LT_ (50) before and after cold acclimation was very small, indicating that the cold acclimation ability of common cultivars was weak or cold acclimation.