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目的评价氯代水杨胺缓释颗粒剂(LDS-SRG)杀灭湖北钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)的效果。方法将5%、10%LDS-SRG分别配置成有效浓度/剂量为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、3.2、6.4 mg/L(浸杀法)或g/m~2(喷撒法)的溶液或药剂。实验室浸杀试验中,各浓度分别投螺袋3包,每包30只钉螺,分别于24、48、72 h各取1包螺袋,计数试验螺数和死亡螺数,计算钉螺死亡率。实验室喷撒试验中,每剂量投放钉螺约200只,于施药后3、7 d各取约50只钉螺,施药后14 d取其余全部钉螺,分别计算钉螺死亡率。现场浸杀试验中,LDS-SRG浓度为0.4、0.8、1.6 g/m~3,每浓度投螺袋6包,每包30只钉螺,分别于24、48、72 h各取2包螺袋,计算钉螺死亡率。现场喷撒试验中,LDS-SRG剂量为0.8、1.6、3.2 g/m~2,每剂量施药于3个有螺沟渠小区(每小区约100 m~2),于施药后3、7和14 d,每小区抽取10框钉螺,计算钉螺死亡率。全部试验均设50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN)1.0 mg/L或g/m~2或g/m~3药物对照组和空白对照组。结果实验室浸杀试验结果显示,5%LDS-SRG 0.1~6.4 mg/L浸杀72 h,以及1.6~6.4 mg/L浸杀48 h,钉螺死亡率均为100%,24、48、72 h半数致死浓度(LC_50)分别为0.70、0.01、0.01 mg/L;10%LDS-SRG 0.1~6.4 mg/L浸杀72 h,以及0.2~6.4 mg/L浸杀48 h,钉螺死亡率均为100%,24、48、72 h LC_50分别为0.15、0.01、0.01 mg/L。实验室喷撒试验结果显示,5%LDS-SRG 1.6、6.4 g/m~2施药后7 d,以及3.2、6.4 g/m~2施药后14 d,钉螺死亡率均>95%,其3、7、14 d半数致死剂量(LD_50)分别为0.06、0.16、0.18 g/m~2;10%LDS-SRG 1.6 g/m~2施药后14 d,以及6.4 g/m~2施药后7 d,钉螺死亡率均>95%,其3、7、14 d LD_50分别为3.29、0.75、0.16 g/m~2;5%LDS-SRG各剂量处理不同时间的钉螺死亡率均高于药物对照组(P<0.05)。现场浸杀试验结果显示,5%、10%LDS-SRG 1.6 g/m~3浸杀72 h,钉螺死亡率分别为96.43%和98.21%,与药物对照组的100%相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。现场喷撒试验结果显示,5%、10%LDS-SRG 3.2 g/m~2施药后3、7、14 d,钉螺死亡率分别为93.99%、91.18%、86.48%和94.95%、93.50%、85.43%,均高于相应药物对照组的82.83%、72.38%、48.38%(P<0.05);5%LDS-SRG 0.8 g/m~2现场喷撒14 d和1.6 g/m~2现场喷撒3 d,钉螺死亡率为66.51%和84.61%,均高于10%LDS-SRG的20.13%和43.06%(P<0.05)。结论5%、10%LDS-SRG分别采用浸杀法和喷撒法灭螺,均达到农药登记用杀钉螺剂药效评价指标要求。
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of LDS-SRG in killing Oncomelania hupensis. Methods 5%, 10% LDS-SRG were formulated at effective concentrations / doses of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4 mg / Solution or medicament. In the laboratory immersion test, three packages of spiked pouches and 30 packs of spiked pouches were respectively taken at each concentration. One pouch was taken at 24, 48, and 72 h, and the number of tested spirals and dead spirals were counted. . In the laboratory spraying test, about 200 snails were dosed per dose. About 50 snails were picked on the 3rd and 7th day after application. The remaining snails were collected on the 14th day after application. The mortality of snails was calculated respectively. The concentration of LDS-SRG was 0.4,0.8,1.6 g / m ~ 3 in the field immersion test. Six spiked sachets were fed at a concentration of 30, and each group contained 30 snails at 2, 4, 48 and 72 h. , Calculate the death rate of snail. In the field spraying test, the dose of LDS-SRG was 0.8,1.6,3.2 g / m ~ 2, and each dosage was applied to three spirally grooved cells (about 100 m ~ 2 per cell) And 14 days. Ten snails were collected from each plot, and the mortality of snails was calculated. All experiments were set 50% niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder (WPN) 1.0 mg / L or g / m ~ 2 or g / m ~ 3 drug control group and the blank control group. Results The results of laboratory immersion test showed that the death rates of snails were 100% for 5% LDS-SRG after being immersed in 0.1-6.4 mg / L for 72 h and 1.6-6.4 mg / L for 48 h, respectively. h and LC 50 were 0.70, 0.01 and 0.01 mg / L, respectively. When the 10% LDS-SRG was immersed for 72 h at 0.1 ~ 6.4 mg / L and 48 h after being treated with 0.2 ~ 6.4 mg / L, 100%, 24,48,72 h LC_50 respectively 0.15,0.01,0.01 mg / L. The results of laboratory spraying showed that the mortality rates of Oncomelania snails were all higher than 95% at 7 d after application of 5% LDS-SRG 1.6, 6.4 g / m ~ 2 and 14 d after application of 3.2, 6.4 g / m ~ The LD50 at 3, 7 and 14 d were 0.06, 0.16 and 0.18 g / m ~ 2, respectively. After 14 days of application of 10% LDS-SRG 1.6 g / m ~ 2 and 6.4 g / m ~ On the 7th day after treatment, the mortality of Oncomelania snails was> 95%, and the LD_50 values at 3, 7 and 14 days were 3.29,0.75,0.16 g / m ~ 2 respectively. The mortality rates of 5% LDS-SRG at different times Higher than the drug control group (P <0.05). The results of in-field soaking test showed that the mortality of snails was 96.43% and 98.21% respectively after 5% and 10% LDS-SRG 1.6 g / m ~ 3 soaking for 72 h. Compared with 100% of the control group, Statistical significance (P> 0.05). The field spraying test results showed that the mortality of Oncomelania snails was 93.99%, 91.18%, 86.48% and 94.95%, 93.50% at 3, 7 and 14 d after applying 5% and 10% LDS-SRG 3.2 g / , 85.43% higher than that of the corresponding drug control group, which were higher than that of the corresponding drug control group by 82.83%, 72.38%, 48.38% (P <0.05) .5% LDS-SRG 0.8 g / The mortality of Oncomelania snails was 66.51% and 84.61%, respectively, all higher than 20.13% and 43.06% (P <0.05) of 10% LDS-SRG. Conclusions 5%, 10% LDS-SRG were killed by snail method and spraying method, respectively, and all reached the requirements of pesticide efficacy index of pesticide registration.