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目的了解三江源地区人群布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)知晓率和健康行为形成情况,评价布病干预效果。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取三江源地区9县1镇6~60岁常住人口,围绕布病如何防治知识开展综合性教育干预,分别在干预前后进行健康素养评估。结果布病基本知识知晓情况“什么是布病”、“感染布病的途径”、“布病的危害”、“如何预防布病”的比例干预后均有提高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.663、221.380、188.255、89.608,P<0.01);人群健康行为形成情况干预前后居民总体健康行为形成率由25.50%提高至37.77%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=679.953,P<0.01)。结论青海省三江源地区布病高危人群布病知识知晓率低,生活及生产活动中存在高危行为。三江源地区人群知识知晓率、健康行为形成率干预后均明显提高,提示该区对于健康知识、行为需求迫切,采用合适的干预方式可以取得良好的行为效果。
Objective To understand the prevalence of brucellosis and the formation of healthy behaviors among people in the Three River Source Region and evaluate the effect of brucellosis intervention. Methods The multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to extract the population of 6 to 60-year-old residents in 9 counties and 1 town of Sanjiangyuan region. Comprehensive education intervention was conducted on how to prevent and control brucellosis. Health literacy assessment was performed before and after intervention. Results The basic knowledge of brucellosis were all improved after the intervention with the proportion of “brucellosis”, “the pathways of brucellosis”, “the hazards of brucellosis” and “how to prevent brucellosis” , The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 24.663,221.380,188.255,89.608, P <0.01); before and after the formation of population health behavior formation rate of residents’ overall health behavior increased from 25.50% to 37.77%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = = 679.953, P <0.01). Conclusion There is a low awareness rate of brucellosis among high risk population of brucellosis in the Three River Source Region of Qinghai Province, and high risk behaviors in living and production activities. Knowledge of the three rivers in the region awareness of the population, the formation of health behavior intervention were significantly improved after intervention, suggesting that the area for health knowledge, behavioral needs urgent, the use of appropriate interventions can achieve good behavioral effects.