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为研究栉孔扇贝消化盲囊和鳃丝对石油烃的富集排除规律及氧化损伤效应,在实验室条件下将栉孔扇贝在各浓度石油烃的海水中分别进行染毒和排除实验各15d,测定消化盲囊和鳃丝的石油烃蓄积量、石油烃蓄积排除速度、生物浓缩系数、溶菌酶活性和脂质过氧化水平等指标。结果表明,栉孔扇贝两组织在蓄积期间石油烃含量随时间呈现增加趋势,在9d之后达到蓄积量的平衡,浓度越高,生物浓缩系数BCF越小;0.1mg·L~(-1)和0.3mg·L~(-1)石油烃处理组两组织蓄积和排除速度随石油烃浓度升高而降低,在排除期间最后阶段都能将石油烃完全排除,蓄积期间溶菌酶活力和脂质过氧化(LPO)水平随时间不断上升,排除期间均能恢复到正常水平,而1.0mg·L~(-1)和3.0mg·L~(-1)处理组两组织蓄积期间的溶菌酶活力则呈现明显被抑制的现象,LPO水平明显升高,且在排除期间均不能恢复到对照组水平。结果证实,栉孔扇贝对0.3mg·L~(-1)及以下低浓度石油烃具有较好的应对机制和耐受性,而在1.0mg·L~(-1)浓度以上石油烃处理组其调控能力受到了明显的影响,机体处于较强的氧化损伤状态。本实验各指标均能体现不同浓度石油烃对栉孔扇贝组织的影响规律,且相互之间存在着非常相似的变化和紧密联系,能准确反映机体的解毒调控机制和机体氧化损伤效应规律。
In order to study the rules of exclusion and accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the digestive vesicles and gill filaments of Zhikong scallop, the chlamys farreri was exposed to the petroleum hydrocarbon in laboratory under the laboratory conditions for 15 days The indexes of accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbon, rate of accumulation and elimination of petroleum hydrocarbons, bioconcentration coefficient, lysozyme activity and lipid peroxidation were determined. The results showed that the content of petroleum hydrocarbon in both tissues of Zhikong scallop increased with the increase of time and reached the equilibrium of accumulation after 9 days. The higher the concentration was, the smaller the BCF was; and the concentration of 0.1 mg · L -1 The accumulation and elimination rate of two tissues decreased with the increase of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in the 0.3 mg · L -1 petroleum hydrocarbon treatment group, and all the petroleum hydrocarbons could be completely eliminated in the final stage of the elimination period. Lysozyme activity and lipid- The levels of LPO increased with time and returned to normal levels during the period of exclusion. However, the activities of lysozyme during the accumulation of 1.0 mg · L ~ (-1) and 3.0 mg · L ~ (-1) Showing obvious inhibition phenomenon, LPO level was significantly increased, and can not be restored to the control group during the exclusion period. The results confirmed that Chlamys farreri has a better coping mechanism and tolerance to low concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons (0.3 mg · L -1) and below. However, in the petroleum hydrocarbon treatment group above 1.0 mg · L -1 Its regulatory ability has been significantly affected, the body is in a strong state of oxidative damage. The indicators of the experiment can reflect the different concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons on the chlamys farreri tissue rules, and there are very similar changes and close relationship with each other, can accurately reflect the body’s detoxification mechanism and the body’s oxidative damage effects.