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乙型肝炎属于世界性的严重危害人类健康的传染病。在远东和热带非洲,乙肝病毒(HBV)的慢性携带者占人口的10％以上。我国也属于乙肝的高发地区,肝炎病人约2700万.每年新发病人近百万,一些重症肝炎以及部分慢性肝炎当发展为肝硬化和肝癌时均可危及生命。带毒产妇所生的婴儿,两年内有60％被感染,影响子孙后代。人类的乙肝病毒属于嗜肝病毒组成员之一,嗜肝病毒组还包括土拔鼠肝炎病毒(WHV),地松鼠肝炎病毒(GSHV)和鸭乙型肝炎病毒(DHBV)。这些病毒有共同的结构,都可
Hepatitis B is a worldwide infectious disease that seriously affects human health. In the Far East and tropical Africa, chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) make up more than 10% of the population. Our country also belongs to the high incidence area of hepatitis B. There are about 27 million cases of hepatitis and nearly 1 million new cases occur every year. Some severe hepatitis and some chronic hepatitis can be life-threatening when they develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Infants born to poisoned mothers are infected by 60% within two years and affect future generations. Human hepatitis B virus is a member of the hepadnavirus group, which also includes soil-borne mouse hepatitis virus (WHV), ground squirrel hepatitis virus (GSHV), and duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV). These viruses have a common structure, can be